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This literature review was published in The Journal of Urology recently, and reviews the progress made to date with adjuvant clinical trials in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The review examined articles related to adjuvant therapy, including traditional immunotherapy (interleukin 2 and interferon), VEGF and mTOR inhibitors (targeted therapies), vaccines, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, for patients with high-risk localised kidney cancer following surgical treatment.
Trials of traditional immunotherapy (interleukin 2 and interferon) as adjuvant therapy did not demonstrate benefit and were associated with severe adverse events. Current data regarding the benefits of VEGF and mTOR inhibitors, as well as vaccines, demonstrate mixed results. Data from studies examining the tolerability and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors as adjuvant therapy for metastatic RCC are awaited.
The findings from this literature review do not support a role for traditional immunotherapy (interleukin 2 and interferon) in patients with high-risk localised kidney cancer following surgical treatment. Further data related to the effects of VEGF and mTOR inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors in these patients are awaited.
