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In this phase 1b study, he researchers were looking for a relationship between biomarkers found in the blood and outcomes following treatment with a combination pembrolizumab plus axitinib for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
They found that high levels of a T cell protein receptor called CD8 in the kidney tumour at baseline were associated with a longer progression-free survival. Blood levels of a cytokine called CXCL10 and a protein called CEACAM1 were associated with an improved objective response rate and progression-free survival.
In summary, this preliminary study shows potential biomarkers in baseline tumour and in blood, which could be used to predict treatment outcomes. Additional studies are needed to further clarify these findings.